Introduction
Vati Kalpana is an Ayurvedic medicinal dosage kind by which finely powdered medicinal substances are processed with an acceptable liquid medium (bhavana dravya) or binding brokers after which molded into small, stable items of a selected dimension and weight.
The phrase ‘Vati’ means ‘little spherical ball’. ‘Kalpana’ means formulation. Vati Kalpana is taken into account because the upa-kalapana (Secondary dosage varieties) of Kalka Kalpana or paste formulation, which is without doubt one of the Pancha vidha kashaya kalpanas.
Significance of Vati amongst Ayurvedic dosage varieties
Vati Kalpana is without doubt one of the most popularly prescribed dosage varieties in Ayurveda resulting from –
- Straightforward administration with none preparation not like decoction and so forth.
- Consistency in dosing and decreasing the potential for dosage errors
- Palatability, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
- Longer shelf life and so forth.
Synonyms of Vati
वटकाश्चाथ कथ्यन्ते तन्नाम गुटिका वटी |
मोदको वटिका पिण्डी गुडो वर्त्तिस्तथोच्यते || (Sharngadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, 7/1)
Vataka, Gutika, Vati, Modaka, Vatika, Pindi, guda, Varti are the synonyms of Vati.
Historical past of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is without doubt one of the oldest Ayurvedic dosage varieties, with references courting again to the Vedic interval. The Rigveda mentions pill-like preparations beneath the time period ‘Mani’, whereas varieties reminiscent of Pindi, Modaka, Vataka, and Varti are additionally described in Vedic literature. Vati Kalpana developed from Kalka Kalpana, whereby medicinal paste is formed into stable items for administration. Acharya Vagbhata described the preparation of dosage varieties reminiscent of Vati, Gutika, and Varti from Kalka. In Sharangadhara Samhita, synonyms of Vati embrace Gutika, Vatika, Pindi, Modaka, Guda, and Varti, highlighting its long-standing significance in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.
Classification of Vati Kalpana
Whereas describing the idea of Vati Kalpana, Acharya Sharngadhara mentions two sorts of Vatis,
- Vahni Sadhya Vati
- Avahni Sadhya vati
- Vahnisadhya Vati
लेहवत्साध्यते वह्नौ गुडो वा शर्करा तथा |
गुग्गुलुर्वा क्षिपेत्तत्र चूर्णं तन्निर्मिता वटी || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/2)
Vati ready with the assistance of Vahni or hearth is named Vahnisadhya Vati or Agnisiddha Vati. On this methodology sugar, jaggery, guggulu and so forth. binding brokers are boiled with water till they attain a consistency like lehyam after which powders of different substances are added to make a paste for making ready Vati.
Eg: Yogaraja Guggulu, Kaishora Guggulu, Sudarshana Ghanavti and so forth.
- Avahni Sadhya vati
कुर्यादवह्निसिद्धेन क्वचिद् गुग्गुलुना वटीम् |
द्र वेण मधुना वाऽपि गुटिकां कारयेद् बुधः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/3)
Vati ready with out the assistance of Vahni or hearth is named Avahnisadhya Vati or Niragnisiddha Vati. On this methodology, binding is achieved utilizing available liquid media reminiscent of honey, contemporary natural juices (Svarasa), or water, relatively than conventional binding brokers like sugar, jaggery, or guggulu.
Eg; Eladi Vati, Lavangadi Vati, Sanivani Vati and so forth.
Basic Elements Utilized in Vati Preparation
- Completely different elements of herbs
- Purified Mineral Substances
- Metallic preparations reminiscent of Bhasma
- Animal-derived substances
- Binding brokers like guggulu, jaggery, sugar, honey and so forth.
- Bhavana Dravya (Brokers used for trituration of fundamental substances to boost the therapeutic properties)
Proportion of Binding Brokers
सिता चतुर्गुणा देया वटीषु द्विगुणो गुडः |
चूर्णाच्चूर्णसमः कार्यो गुग्गुलुर्मधु तत्समम् |
द्रवं च द्विगुणं देयं मोदकेषु भिषग्वरैः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/4)
Proportion of various binding brokers in relation to different substances –
Sita (Sugar) – 4 occasions
Guda (Jaggery) – 2 occasions
Guggulu – Equal
Madhu (Honey) – Equal
Drava (Any Liquid) – 2 occasions
Basic Steps in Vati Preparation
- Assortment and purification of substances
- Preparation of fantastic powder (Churna) of the substances
- Preparation of a binding medium (with or with out warmth)
- Mixing and trituration (Mardana/Bhavana) to acquire a uniform mass
- Rolling and shaping into tablets of specified dimension
- Drying beneath appropriate situations
- Packaging and storage in hermetic containers
Basic Methodology of Preparation of Vati
For the Vati preparation substances are required in finer kind. If natural substances – meaning plant origin substances are used, then ought to be transformed into fantastic powder after correct drying. If mineral substances are used – they need to be transformed into Bhasma or Sindhoora kind. And particularly, if parada (mercury) and gandhaka (sulphur) are talked about, they need to be triturated collectively to acquire a mix known as ‘Kajjali’.
The fantastic powders of substances are then blended with an acceptable binding medium to acquire a homogeneous mass. Relying on the character of the formulation, the binding agent could also be ready both with warmth (Sagni methodology) or with out warmth (Niragni methodology). Within the Sagni methodology, substances reminiscent of jaggery, sugar, or guggulu are heated to attain the specified consistency earlier than incorporating the powdered medication. Within the Niragni methodology, liquid media reminiscent of honey, natural juices (Svarasa), decoctions (Kwatha), or water are immediately triturated with the powders with out the applying of warmth. The ensuing mass is completely triturated (Mardana/Bhavana) till it turns into easy and pliable, after which it’s rolled into tablets of the specified dimension and form. The ready Vatis are then dried, normally in shade, and saved in hermetic containers to protect their high quality and therapeutic efficacy.
Dosage
कर्षप्रमाणा तन्मात्रा बलं दृष्ट्वा प्रयुज्यताम् | (Sh.Ma.Kh. 7/5)
Based on Acharya Sharangadhara, the dosage of Vati ought to be decided after contemplating the Bala (energy) of the affected person. He recommends one Karsha as the usual dose of Vati. Nevertheless, earlier than administering any Vati Kalpana, components such because the affected person’s age, digestive capability (Agni), bodily energy, physique weight, and the severity and chronicity of the illness ought to be fastidiously thought of.
Shelf lifetime of Vati
Based on Sharngadhara shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is one yr.
Nevertheless, in response to Rule 161B of the Medication and Cosmetics Act, the shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is 2 years, supplied it’s saved in a moisture-free setting.
Anupana and Administration
Numerous substances are prescribed as Anupana for Vati preparations, together with water (Jala), heat water (Ushnodaka), milk (Ksheera), ghee (Ghrita), honey (Madhu), buttermilk (Takra), decoctions (Kwatha), and contemporary natural juices (Svarasa). The identical Vati could produce completely different therapeutic results when administered with completely different Anupanas. For instance, digestive and carminative Vatis are generally administered with heat water, whereas rejuvenative (Rasayana) formulations could also be given with milk or ghee. Equally, formulations meant for respiratory issues are sometimes prescribed with honey.
Benefits of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is without doubt one of the most popularly prescribed dosage varieties in Ayurveda as a result of it combines therapeutic efficacy with comfort, stability, and affected person acceptability. Listed here are the benefits of Vati Kalpana over different dosage varieties:
Ease of Administration
Vatis are straightforward to devour and don’t require preparation earlier than use, not like decoctions (Kwatha) which want boiling and filtration.
Exact Dosage
Every Vati is designed with customary, particular portions of medication, guaranteeing consistency in dosing and decreasing the potential for dosage errors.
Palatability
Many Ayurvedic medicines have a bitter or disagreeable style. So, when Vatis are made, they masks these sensory traits, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
Prolonged Shelf Life
As Vatis include low moisture content material, they typically possess larger stability and an extended shelf life in comparison with liquid formulations reminiscent of Kashayas.
Comfort in Storage and Transportation
Vatis are compact, light-weight, and fewer susceptible to spillage or contamination. They are often conveniently saved, packaged, and carried throughout journey.
Suitability for various kinds of Elements
Vati Kalpana is a perfect methodology for formulating completely different kinds of substances. It might probably accommodate all kinds of substances, together with natural powders, purified minerals, metallic preparations, and resins reminiscent of Guggulu, making it a flexible dosage kind.
Financial Feasibility of Preparation
In contrast with another dosage varieties, Vati preparations are comparatively economical to fabricate, package deal, and distribute on each small and huge scales.
