MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay, December 27 (IPS) – Hours earlier than world leaders gathered in Johannesburg for the 2025 G20 summit in November, a whole bunch of South African girls carrying black lay down in a metropolis park for quarter-hour — one for every lady who loses her life on daily basis to gender-based violence within the nation. The hanging visible protest was organised by a civil society organisation, Girls for Change, which additionally gathered over 1,000,000 signatures demanding the federal government declare gender-based violence (GBV) a nationwide catastrophe. Hours later, the federal government acquiesced.
It was an important victory in a 12 months marked by brutal violence and political backlash. Because the mud settles on the 16 Days of Activism in opposition to Gender-Primarily based Violence marketing campaign – an annual occasion that begins on 25 November, Worldwide Day for the Elimination of Violence Towards Girls, and ends on 10 December, Human Rights Day – the achievement in South Africa stands in distinction to a worldwide panorama of regression.
The numbers that motivated this 12 months’s mobilisations inform a grim story. In 2024, round 4,000 girls have been victims of femicides in Latin America alone, amounting to almost 11 gender-related killings a day. Africa has the world’s highest charge at three femicides per 100,000 girls, with South Africa’s numbers off the charts.
All through 2025, girls took to the streets in response to sustained patterns of violence and femicide instances that shocked society. In Argentina, protests erupted in September following the live-streamed torture and killing of three younger girls by a drug-trafficking gang. In Brazil, tens of 1000’s mobilised in December after a lady was run over by her ex-boyfriend and dragged throughout concrete for a kilometre, ensuing within the lack of her legs. In Italy, nationwide protests adopted the murders of two 22-year-old college students in April and the killing of a 14-year-old woman by an older boy whose advances she rejected in Might.
These extremely seen instances have been the tip of the iceberg. But they galvanised mobilisations due to a long time of civil society groundwork: naming femicide as a definite phenomenon, combating for authorized recognition and creating the databases many governments nonetheless refuse to keep up. This deliberate work of counting the useless has reworked particular person tragedies into proof of systematic violence, making it inconceivable for states to dismiss every killing as an remoted incident.
This sustained stress pressured some governments to behave. In 2025, Spain turned a European Union (EU) pioneer in criminalising vicarious violence — violence perpetrated in opposition to girls by way of intermediaries, usually youngsters or relations. Its new regulation, handed in September, adopted Mexico’s 2023 recognition of this type of abuse. On 25 November, coinciding with Worldwide Day for the Elimination of Violence Towards Girls, Italy’s parliament handed a regulation making femicide a definite legal offence punishable by life imprisonment. The achievement is all of the extra important provided that, till 1981, the Italian penal code nonetheless provided leniency for so-called ‘honour killings’.
However progress is fragile. Proper-wing governments that body anti-GBV measures as ideological are transferring to dismantle a long time of feminist victories. In Argentina, the right-wing authorities of President Javier Milei has eradicated the Ministry of Girls, Genders and Range and introduced plans to dismantle complete sexuality training and repeal gender parity in electoral lists, amongst different regressive adjustments.
In Turkey, which deserted the Istanbul Conference – the Council of Europe Conference on stopping and combating violence in opposition to girls and home violence – in 2021, 1000’s of ladies defied sweeping protest bans to demand justice over the suspicious demise of a 21-year-old college pupil in October. In response to the We Will Cease Femicide Platform, at the very least 235 girls have been killed by males between January and October, with a further 247 girls discovered useless in suspicious circumstances. But the right-wing nationalist authorities declared 2025 to be the ‘Yr of the Household’, criticised by activists for reinforcing conventional roles as an alternative of addressing girls’s security.
And in Latvia, parliament voted to withdraw from the Istanbul Conference, barely a 12 months after ratifying it. Proper-wing events argued it promoted ‘gender theories’ below the guise of combating violence, and proceeded regardless of a petition in opposition to it that gathered over 60,000 signatures. The president despatched the invoice again to parliament for assessment, but when it passes, Latvia would be the first EU member state to give up the conference.
The 16 Days marketing campaign highlights a basic reality: violence in opposition to girls isn’t just a social downside however a violation of human rights. Its endpoint on Human Rights Day, established to commemorate the adoption of the Common Declaration of Human Rights, asserts that ladies’s rights are human rights and emphasises the demand that states fulfil their obligations below worldwide regulation to forestall, examine and punish GBV.
South Africa’s declaration proves that sustained collective motion can drive change. Girls’s rights activists efficiently leveraged the worldwide highlight of the G20 summit, staging a nationwide shutdown that noticed 1000’s withdraw from paid and unpaid labour, chorus from spending cash and lie in silent protest at midday. They pressured the disaster onto the worldwide agenda at a second of unprecedented worldwide consideration.
Assembly even essentially the most primary calls for — the power to stroll residence with out worry, depart abusive companions, take part in politics with out risking sexual violence, exist on-line with out harassment — requires structural transformation. Girls will solely discover security when societies stop to view them as objects to own and management, when these in search of to flee abuse have a path to financial independence, when judicial methods deal with violence in opposition to girls with the seriousness it deserves and when know-how firms are held accountable for platforms that allow harassment.
The 12 months revealed extra regression than progress. But amid rising repression and dwindling assets, girls’s actions endured in documenting violence, supporting survivors, educating the general public and advocating for systemic change. Their persistence displays a transparent understanding that actual change calls for sustained motion. States have human rights obligations to guard girls’s lives, and girls’s actions will proceed to insist these obligations are met with the seriousness and assets they require, one protest at a time.
Inés M. Pousadela is CIVICUS Head of Analysis and Evaluation, co-director and author for CIVICUS Lens and co-author of the State of Civil Society Report. She can be a Professor of Comparative Politics at Universidad ORT Uruguay.
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